Epidemiological research of risk factors for hypertension in north Fujian rural area／ / 心血管康复医学杂志

To study and analyze prevalence condition of hypertension and complicated cardiovascular risk factors in north Fujian rural area .Methods : By cluster sampling , an epidemiological questionnaire and physical ex‐amination were performed among 1784 residents using standardized survey method , who were ≥35 years from six towns and eight villages in north Fujian rural area from Jun 2013 to Mar 2014. Hypertension was diagnosed accord‐ing to The 2010 Chinese Guideline for the Prevention and Treatment of Hypertension , multivariate Logistic regres‐sion was used to analyze independent risk factors for hypertension in these subjects .Results : Prevalence rate of hy‐ pertension was 17.43% (31／1784 ) in north Fujian rural area .After population standardization , it＇s 23. 21%(18.66% in men and 16. 13% in women) , there was no significant difference in prevalence rate of hypertension be‐tween men and women in any age layer , P＞0. 05 all.Multivariate Logistic regression analysis indicated that age , overweight (BMI≥24 kg／m2 ) , high triglyceride and fasting blood glucose were independent risk factors for hyper‐tension in north Fujian rural area (OR＝1.107－2.096 , P＜0. 05 or ＜0. 01).Conclusion : Prevalence rate of hyper‐tension is high in north Fujian rural area , age , overweight , smoking , high triglyceride and fasting blood glucose are the main risk factors .

Analysis of HPA gene Polymorphisms in Children with Acute or Chronic ITP / 中国实验血液学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the frequency distribution of human platelet antigen allele HPA-2 and HPA-15 among the pediatric patients with acute or chronic idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura (ITP) in Chinese Guangxi area, and to explore the potential correlation of ITP with HPA-2 and HPA-15 gene polymorphisms.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>The clinical and laboratorial data of 46 children diagnosed as acute ITP and 46 children diagnosed as chronic ITP between January 2007 and December 2014 were collected. Genotyping of HPA-2 and HPA-15 in 92 ITP patients and 48 healthy controls was performed by using polymerase chain reaction (PCR) combined with direct sequencing.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The allele frequencies of HPA-2 and HPA-15 were significantly different among the acute, chronic and control groups; the allele frequencies were significantly different between the chronic ITP group and the control group (P<0.0167), while the difference was not statistically significant between the acute and chronic ITP groups as well as between the acute ITP and the control group (P>0.0167).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The gene polymorphism of HPA-2 and HPA-15 may correlate with the risk of chronic ITP, but may not correlate with acute ITP in children.</p>

Association between gene polymorphisms of Perforin 1 and hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis / 中国当代儿科杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate frequency distribution of gene polymorphisms of PRF1 gene in children with hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis (HLH), and to explore whether the possible gene polymorphisms of PRF1 gene confer an increased risk of susceptibility to HLH.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Forty-eight children who were diagnosed with HLH between January 2009 and December 2013 (HLH group) and 100 healthy children (control group) were enrolled in this study. The gene polymorphisms in the coding region of PRF1 gene, which consists of three exons and two introns, were genotyped by PCR, followed by direct sequencing.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Three single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) were revealed in the coding sequence of PRF1 in the 48 children with HLH. Seven SNPs were detected in the noncoding sequence. Other two SNPs in the noncoding sequence including rs10999426 and rs10999427 were detected only in 5 healthy children (5%). There was no significant difference in allelic frequencies of all the SNPs above between the HLH and control groups (P>0.05). Haplotype analysis showed there was a pair-wise linkage disequilibrium between rs10999426 and rs10999427 (D=1, r2=1), but there was no significant difference in the distribution of A-T haplotype between the HLH and control groups (P>0.05).</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>There is no association between gene polymorphisms of PRF1 gene and the susceptibility to HLH. There is a pair-wise linkage disequilibrium between rs10999426 and rs10999427, but a low detection rate of A-T haplotype in healthy children indicates that it might not play a protective role in the development of HLH.</p>

The role and mechanism of high expression of cyclin B2 in MEN1 insulinoma / 生理学报

Multiple endocrine neoplasia type 1 (MEN1) is a dominantly inherited tumor syndrome characterized by development of various combinations of tumors in multiple endocrine glands, including the pituitary, parathyroid or pancreas. MEN1 results from mutations in tumor suppressor gene Men1, which encodes nuclear protein menin. Menin has been shown to preferentially repress cell proliferation in endocrine tissues including pancreatic beta cells. Herein, the present study was to explore the potential mechanisms underlying menin in repressing cell proliferation in mice MEN1 insulinoma. In the Gene Set Enrichment Analysis (GSEA), Ccnb2 (encoding cyclin B2) was up-regulated in pancreatic islets of Men1-excised mice after 14-day tamoxifen-feeding. Immunofluorescence with antibody against cyclin B2 revealed that the expression of cyclin B2 was greatly increased in MEN1 insulinoma. In Men1(-/-) cells, Men1 ablation leaded to an increase in cyclin B2 expression. Immunofluorescent staining by phospho-H3S10 antibody revealed the increasing number of Men1(-/-) cells in mitosis. Cells were seeded at a density of 5 × 10(4), then counted on day 2, 4 and 6, and the cell growth curve revealed Men1 ablation increased the cell proliferation. In contrast, knockdown of cyclin B2 by shRNA diminished the number of cells in mitosis and reduced cell proliferation. Further, chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP) assay indicated that menin affected the histone modification of the promoter of Ccnb2 by reducing the level of histone H3 lysine 4 tri-methylation (H3K4me3) and histone H3 acetylation but not affecting the level of histone H3 lysine 9 tri-methylation (H3K9me3) or histone H3 lysine 27 tri-methylation (H3K27me3). Our results suggest that menin may inhibit MEN1 insulinoma by suppressing cyclin B2 expression via histone modification.

Expression of beclin1 and LC3 after rat's skin contusion / 法医学杂志

OBJECTIVE@#This study aimed at examining the expression of Beclin1 and LC3 in the skin of rat after contusive injury and at observing the process of autophagy in response to injury or trauma. Their significance in diagnosis of trauma and application in estimation of the post injury time interval were also investigated.@*METHODS@#Immunohistochemistry and imaging analysis were used to examine the expression level of Beclinl and LC3 at the injury site of the rat skin at different post-traumatic times.@*RESULTS@#Expression of Beclin1 and LC3 in normal rat skin or immediately after injury maintained at a very low level, but their level started to elevate 6 hours after injury and showed increasing strong expression at post injury time of day 3, day 5 and day 7.@*CONCLUSION@#Over-expression of Beclin1 and LC3 as well as increased autophagy, a response to injury, can be observed in the rat skin at the injury site. The expression level of Beclin1 and LC3 starts to increase 6 hours and shows a linear increase up to 7 days after injury. Beclin1 and LC3 may serve as a marker for estimation of the post injury time interval.

Validation studies of the test strip of colloidal gold-labeled anti-fibronectin EIIIA splicing variant for estimating the time of injury / 法医学杂志

OBJECTIVE@#To evaluate the validation of the test strip of colloidal gold-labeled anti-Fibronectin EIIIA(Fn-EIIIA) Splicing Variant for estimating the time of injury.@*METHODS@#After skin tissues with variant injury times were collected from corpses, the test strip were used to detect the expression of Fn-EIIIA and its tested results were valued; The arisen autolysis which may influence the results of test were also observed by rats models.@*RESULTS@#In no-injured skins, no Fn-EIIIA were detected by the strip, while in all the injured skins it was detected successfully as soon as injured after 1h and it showed more obvious results with the elongating of injured time; No changes made by autolysis were found in our studied time ranges.@*CONCLUSION@#The test strip which used in this study showed to be a sensitive and steady method for estimating the time of injury in forensic science.

Preliminary application on test paper of gold-labelled antibody against fibronectin EIIIA splicing variant / 法医学杂志

OBJECTIVE@#To develop the test Paper of gold-labelled antibody against fibronectin EIIIR A splicing variant, which can be available in forensic wound interval estimation.@*METHODS@#Two sensitive antibodies were compared with enzyme link immunoabsorband assay (ELISA). After colloid gold labeled, the effects of the two antibodies were tested by methods of Dot immunogold filtration assay and gold immunochromatography assay, respectively. The test paper was finally appraised by applied in experimental skin injury in rats.@*RESULTS@#On the test paper, detected line appeared in three hours wound age group, and then the darkness of positive staining became darker with injury time prolonging, while control normal skin cannot found to be positive staining.@*CONCLUSION@#The gold-labeled test paper can be useful in estimation of wounding interval in forensic science.

Effect of intralipid for ameliorating protein loss in severe burned patients / 南方医科大学学报

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the effect of intralipid on protein consumption in severe burned patients. METHODS; Sixty-seven nonoperative patients with severe burns were divided into Intralipid treatment group and non-intralipid treatment group (control group), and the former was treated with 20% intralipid (500 ml once a day) from postburn day 4 for 10 consecutive days. Venous blood samples were collected from these patients for testing total protein, albumin, total cholesterol and triglyceride on postburn days 1, 7 and 14, respectively.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The levels of total protein, albumin, total cholesterol and triglyceride were within normal range on postburn day 1 in both groups, and only the albumin level was lowered in the groups on day 7 but at comparable magnitudes (32+/-4.83 vs 31+/-5.04 g/L, P<0.05). In contrast, the levels of total protein, albumin, total cholesterol and triglyceride were below the normal range on postburn day 14 in both groups, but intralipid treatment group showed more albumin loss than the control group (28+/-6.46 vs 23+/-7.03 g/L, P<0.01).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Intralipid (20%) provides good energy source to ameliorate albumin loss in severe burned patients.</p>

Morphological changes in intestinal villi after severe burns in rats / 中华烧伤杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the morphological changes in intestinal villi after severe burns in rats, so as to explore its possible relationship with enteral bacterial translocation.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Fifty Wistar rats were employed in the study, 10 of them were assigned to the control group (C). The rest 40 rats were subjected to 30% TBSA full-thickness scalding (burn group, B). 4 ml/100 g normal saline was given intra-peritoneally to the injured rats. The changes of the caliber of the central chyliferous vessel, the intestinal water content and the mucosal morphology of the terminal ileum were determined in the rats in C group and in B group at 8, 12, 24 and 48 postburn hours. The morphology of villi was observed with scanning electron microscope and light microscope.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The ileal villi appeared normal in C group. The central chyliferous vessel dilated persistently in rats of B group at all postburn time points, and dilatation was more evident in B group compared with control group (P < 0.01). At the same time an abundant amount of lymph was observed in the central chyliferous vessel. The intestinal water contents decreased to (70.5 +/- 2.2)% and (69.5 +/- 3.1)% in rats of B group at 8 and 12 PBHs, respectively, and they were obviously lower than that in C group (76.9 +/- 1.5)%, (P < 0.01). The intestinal water content in B group was similar to that in C group at 24 and 48 PBH (P > 0.05).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The morphological changes in the intestinal villi of rats with severe burn injury may predispose the invasion of enteral toxin and bacteria. Intestinal lymphatics can be an important route for enteral bacterial translocation. The water reabsorption of the intestinal mucosa can be transiently enhanced during early postburn stage.</p>

Clinical evaluation of the postburn retention and the metabolism of Imipenem in the third space / 中华烧伤杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To explore the half life and retention of Imipenem in the third space.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Eight severely burned patients and eight healthy volunteers were enrolled as the burn group (B) and normal control group (C), respectively. HPLC (high performance liquid chromatography) was employed to determine the contents of Imipenem in the plasma, subeschar tissue fluid (STF) and the changes in its pharmacokinetics. Furthermore, the Imipenem content in the third space was calculated according to the systemic edema degree.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The half life of Imipenem in STF (2.53 h) was longer than that in plasma (1.73 h), P < 0.05). The Imipenem content in STF increased gradually along with the lapse of time after repeated intravenous infusion of Imipenem, and at the same the total content of imipenem was increased significantly in the third space.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>There was antibiotic retention in the third space after severe burn injury, and a prolonged action of the drug could be expected when the drug re-entered the blood stream.</p>

Expression of EIIIA-fibronectin in injured rat skin used in estimation of wound interval / 法医学杂志

OBJECTIVE@#To observe the means of fibronectin(FN) alternative splicing and the expression of EIIIA-FN variant in rat skin after bruise, for the sake of providing some help for forensic estimation of wound interval.@*METHODS@#Total RNA was isolated from wounded skin, and reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction was conducted to amplify target segments.@*RESULTS@#Detectable EIIIA+(526 bp) segments, lacked in normal organize, was amplified at 1 h after experimental wound, and the levels were increased within 24 h.@*CONCLUSION@#The alternative splicing EIIIA-fibronectin variant would be a satisfied criterion for research of skin injury.

Ultrastructure changes of electrical injury in rats / 法医学杂志

OBJECTIVE@#To observe ultrastructure changes of electrical injury in rats.@*METHODS@#An experimental model of rats suffered from the low voltage were designed. Ultrastructure changes of electrical injured tissues were observed under transmission electron microscope.@*RESULTS@#(1) Plasma of epithelium was concreted in the affected areas and inner membrane system was broken. (2) Hypercontraction bands were observed in skeleton muscles. (3) There was dissolved necrosis and hypercontraction bands in the myocardium. (4) Vacuoles were found in plasma of endothelium of blood vessels on electrical current path, and myelin sheath of nerve fiber were loosed.@*CONCLUSION@#The above mentioned ultrastructure changes could be used as assistant diagnostic index of electrocution. The mechanism of the changes were discussed.

In vivo distribution and expression after skin injury of fibronectin splicing variants / 法医学杂志

OBJECTIVE@#In order to develop new criteria and to select positive controls for forensic medicine, experiments on in vivo distribution and expression after skin wound of fibronectin splicing variants, EIIIA and EIIIB were studied.@*METHODS@#Rat tissues were homogenized to extract total RNA which was then amplified by RT-PCR technique.@*RESULTS@#(1) EIIIA+ and EIIIB+ of normal skin were not expressed, whereas EIIIA+ after 18 hours' injury was expressed abundantly. No obvious charge of EIIIB+ was detected. The differences between results of using two methods of injury were not significant. (2) The distribution of fibronectin variants in different adult organs were in the following order: brain > heart > liver.@*CONCLUSIONS@#EIIIA+ may be used as a sensitive criterion for research of skin injury.